Caps

帽子

The Caps Surfaces function has been comprehensively reworked and improved for R21.

对 R21的 Caps 曲面功能进行了全面的修改和改进。

The most important improvements are:

最重要的改进是:

• When enlarging the bevels, a special algorithm will, as much as possible, prevent overlapping. This is particularly helpful when working with text. 当扩大斜面，一个特殊的算法将尽可能，防止重叠。这在处理文本时特别有用
• Parts of the Bevel function now already take effect where the caps surfaces transition to the remaining geometry. 部分斜面功能现在已经生效，其中帽表面过渡到其余的几何形状
• Generators ( 发电机组(Extrude 挤压, MoText, etc.) now generate visible Selection tags (Selection menu) for texturing caps surfaces and bevels (shortcuts can still be used). 等)现在生成可见的选择标签(选择菜单)的纹理大写表面和斜面(快捷方式仍然可以使用)
• When converting a Generator to polygons, caps surfaces are no longer separated from the hull, it will be a closed, coherent object. 当转换一个发电机到多边形，帽表面不再从船体分离，它将是一个封闭的，相干的对象
• The UV coordinates of caps and bevel surfaces will always be calculated as surface projections. 紫外线坐标的帽子和斜面总是计算表面投影

What are caps surfaces? Various Generators such as the Extrude object create polygonal objects using splines, for example, by moving the spline along an axis: a Circle spline will create a cylindrical hull. The start and end of this cylinder have to be closed (capped), which is what caps surfaces (shown striped in the following) do. The transition between caps surfaces and the hull can be varied in shape. In the following, this transition is referred to as bevel surfaces (colored red):

什么是帽子表面？各种各样的生成器，比如挤压对象，使用样条创建多边形对象，例如，沿着轴移动样条: 圆形样条将创建一个圆柱形船体。这个圆柱体的开始和结束必须是封闭的(封闭的) ，这就是大写表面(如下所示的条纹)所做的。帽子表面和船体之间的过渡可以在形状上改变。在下面的例子中，这个过渡被称为斜面(红色) :

Migrate

迁移

When working with older scenes, prior to R21, this button will appear. First, the scene will be loaded with the old (functioning) settings for the old caps surfaces.

当处理旧的场景时，在 R21之前，这个按钮会出现。首先，场景将加载旧的(功能)设置为旧的帽子表面。

If you want to switch to the new functionality, simply click on this button. Cinema 4D will attempt to generate a similar result.

如果你想切换到新的功能，只需点击这个按钮。C4D将尝试产生类似的结果。

Start Cap
End Cap

启动 CapEnd 盖

These two options can be used to define which caps surfaces should be created. If no caps surfaces are present, no bevel surfaces can be created.

这两个选项可以用来定义应该创建哪些大写表面。如果没有帽子表面，没有斜面可以创建。

Separate Bevel Controls

单独的斜面控件

Enable this option if different Start and End settings will be applied to a bevel. A second group of settings will be added at the bottom of the menu. Otherwise, the same bevel will be applied to both start and end.

如果将不同的“开始”和“结束”设置应用于斜面，则启用此选项。第二组设置将添加到菜单的底部。否则，相同的斜角将应用于开始和结束。

Bevel Shape
Bevel Shape

斜面形状斜面形状

The transition from caps surface to shell can be given just about any type of rounding. You can select from the following options:

从帽子表面到外壳的过渡几乎可以给出任何类型的舍入。你可以从以下选项中选择:

• Round 圆形: The transition will be rounded (the radius can be defined using the : 过渡将是圆形的(半径可以使用Shape Depth 形状深度 setting, including negative values). 设定，包括负数值)
• Curve 曲线: The transition is defined using a freely definable curve (see below) : 过渡定义使用一个自由定义的曲线(见下文)
• Step 第一步: The transition will be stepped. The number of steps is defined using the : 过渡阶段将会加快。方法定义步骤数Segments 片段 value. 价值
• Solid 固体: Doesn’t actually create a bevel but rather subdivisions - defined using the : 实际上没有创建斜面，而是使用Segments 片段 value - in the bevel range defined by the 属性定义的斜角范围中的Size 大小 value, which creates a rounded transition when using a generator in a Subdivision Surface object. 值，该值在细分曲面对象中使用生成器时创建一个圆形转换

Size[-∞..+∞m]
Size[-∞..+∞m]

Size [-∞ . . + ∞ m ] Size [-∞ . + ∞ m ]

Use this setting to define the overall size of the bevel. The larger the value, the more the caps surfaces will be pushed outwardly, which will cause the bevel surfaces to grow. If set to 0, no bevel will be created; the caps surfaces will complete the shell with a sharp edge.

使用此设置可以定义斜面的整体大小。值越大，帽子表面将被推向外面，这将导致斜面增长。如果设置为0，没有斜角将被创建; 帽表面将完成一个锋利的边缘壳。

Extended Shape
Height[-∞..+∞m]
Extended Shape
Height[-∞..+∞m]

扩展形状高度[-∞ . . + ∞ m ]扩展形状高度[-∞ . . + ∞ m ]

If this option is enabled, the caps surface will be extruded according to the defined Height value.

如果启用此选项，帽子表面将根据定义的高度值进行挤压。

Curve
Curve

If Bevel Shape is set to Curve, this curve can be defined in just about any shape. Here are some examples:

如果斜面形状设置为曲线，这条曲线可以定义在几乎任何形状。以下是一些例子:

Shape Depth[-∞..+∞%]
Shape Depth[-∞..+∞%]

形状深度[-∞ . . + ∞% ]形状深度[-∞ . . + ∞% ]

This setting can be used to control the curvature of the bevel surface. Negative values push the curvature to the inside, positive to the outside. A value of 0 (or Segments = 1) will produce a chamfer.

这个设置可以用来控制斜面的曲率。负值将曲率推向内部，正值推向外部。值为0(或片段 = 1)将生成一个倒角。

If Bevel Shape is set to Curve with Height greater than 0 and Size = 0, the following effect will be produced: The caps surface will be extruded outwardly and the Shape Depth defines the amplitude of the curve:

如果斜面形状设置为高度大于0和尺寸 = 0的曲线，将产生以下效果: 帽子表面向外挤压，形状深度定义曲线的振幅:

Segments[1..100]
Segments[1..100]

片段[1. . 100]片段[1. . 100]

Use this setting to define the subdivision in the bevel area. Depending on the complexity of the bevel shape (e.g., Bevel Shape set to Curve), this value must be increased in order to achieve a clean shape. A value of 1 will always produce a straight chamfer (exception: Bevel Shape set to Step),

使用此设置定义斜面区域的细分。根据斜面形状的复杂性(例如，斜面形状设置为曲线) ，为了获得干净的形状，这个值必须增加。值为1总是会产生一个直线倒角(例外: 斜面形状设置为第步) ,

Load Preset...
Save Preset...
Load Preset...
Save Preset...

加载预置... 保存预置... 加载预置... 保存预置..。

These two commands can be used to save the bevel values in this section as presets and load them again. These are saved and managed in the Content Browser under Presets/User (in the respective folder).

可以使用这两个命令将本节中的斜角值保存为预设并重新加载。这些都保存和管理在内容浏览器下的预置/用户(在各自的文件夹)。

Note also the presets already included that offer a wide range of shapes.

还要注意的是，预设已经包括，提供了广泛的形状。

Bevel Outside

斜面外侧

Normally (option disabled), beveling is done using caps surfaces that decrease in size and the contour (e.g., Text spline) remains constant. If, on the other hand, the caps surfaces should remain constant in their size, this option should be enabled. The contour size will increase correspondingly. Especially for very detailed shapes or text where very little space is available for inner contours, beveling can take place on the outside.

通常(禁用选项) ，坡口是使用帽子表面，减少了尺寸和轮廓(例如，文本样条)保持不变。另一方面，如果帽子表面的大小应该保持不变，则应该启用此选项。等高线尺寸相应增大。特别是对于非常详细的形状或文字，其中很少的空间是可用的内轮廓，坡口可以发生在外部。

No control over self-intersection is available.

无法控制自交叉路口。

Avoid Self Intersections

避免自我交叉

This option offers a very useful function. If you remember how caps surfaces/fillets worked in previous versions, you will know that larger fillets often had intersecting mesh that made the surface useless:

这个选项提供了一个非常有用的功能。如果你还记得以前的版本是如何工作的，你就会知道较大的圆角通常有交叉网格，使得表面无用:

For rare instances in which this function produces unwanted results, it can be disabled.

对于此函数产生不希望看到的结果的罕见情况，可以禁用它。

Caps Type

大写类型

Here you can define how the caps surfaces’ mesh should be shaped. Triangles/Quradrangles are like the earlier Cinema 4D modes (prior to R21) that produce triangles and quads, respectively. N-Gons creates a single polygon that looks like Quandrangles internally.

在这里你可以定义如何帽表面的网格应该形状。三角形/古拉德朗格就像早期的C4D 模式(在 R21之前) ，分别产生三角形和四边形。N-Gons 创建一个多边形，内部看起来像 quandranges。

For the first 3 modes, no new points will be created on the caps surfaces. The result: long triangles will be created that can lead to problems for shading or deformations.

对于前三种模式，没有新的点将创建在帽子的表面。其结果是: 长三角形将被创建，可能导致阴影或变形的问题。

As a rule of thumb: If the caps surfaces will not be deformed you can use N-Gons, otherwise Delaunay. Note also the subdivision of the splines involved that can be affected via the Intermediate Points setting. It is often better to use Uniform. Then, the linear spline segments will also be subdivided, which is usually critical for deformations.

作为一个经验法则: 如果帽子表面不会变形，你可以使用 N-Gons，否则德劳内。还要注意的是，所涉及的样条细分可能会受到中间点设置的影响。使用制服通常更好。然后，线性样条段也将被细分，这通常是变形的关键。

Delaunay adds a triangle mesh to the caps surfaces with an inner angle that is similarly large, which prevents long, bothersome triangles. Such meshes are easy to deform without generating unwanted artefacts:

Delaunay 在帽子表面上添加了一个三角形网格，内角同样很大，这样可以防止长的、令人讨厌的三角形。这样的网格很容易变形而不会产生不必要的假象:

Delaunay offers several settings (see below).

德劳内提供了几种设置(见下文)。

If Regular Grid is selected, the caps surface will be made up of polygons of similar size arranged in a uniform manner. What is this good for? Let’s say you have 2 animated splines beneath a spline mask that combine to create a common spline that in turn lies in an Extrude object. The caps surfaces have to change in the course of the animation. If Delauney is selected, points on the caps surfaces can jump randomly due to the adaptive nature of the effect. This effect is reduced drastically if Regular Grid is selected.

如果选择规则网格，帽子表面将由大小相似的多边形以统一的方式排列组成。这有什么好处？假设在样条蒙版下面有两个动画样条，这两个样条结合起来创建一个公共样条，而公共样条又位于挤出对象中。在动画过程中，帽子的表面必须改变。如果选择 delaunay，则由于这种效果的自适应性，使得帽子表面上的点可以随机跳动。如果选择规则网格，这种效果将大大降低。

Density[-∞..100%]

密度[-∞ . . 100% ]

When creating caps surface triangles, the triangles’ size on the outer and inner edges is initially defined by the subdivision (Intermediate Points) of the base spline. The triangles can increase in size approaching the interior (in some cases they can become smaller). As usual, it’s a good idea to have as few polygons as possible. The following distribution of polygons results from a uniform spline subdivision:

在创建帽曲面三角形时，三角形外边和内边的大小最初由基样条的细分(中间点)来确定。这些三角形可以在接近内部时增大尺寸(在某些情况下它们可以变小)。像往常一样，尽可能少的多边形是个好主意。多边形的下列分布是均匀样条细分的结果:

The result at the right is the most desirable.

右边的结果是最令人满意的。

The smaller the Density value, the larger the triangles in the interior of the caps surfaces and vice-versa.

密度值越小，帽子表面内部的三角形越大，反之亦然。

Be carefule with Density values that are too high: these are rarely of any use.

当心密度值太高: 这些很少有用。

Size[0..+∞m]

尺寸[0. . + ∞ m ]

If Caps Type is set to Regular Grid, the Size setting will be made available. This is used to define the polygon size for the caps surface.

如果 Caps Type 设置为 Regular Grid，那么 Size 设置将可用。这用于定义帽子表面的多边形大小。

Quad Dominant

四轴优势

Enable this option to create four-sided polygons. No caps surface points will be modified. Some triangles will nevertheless be created, so you can’t assume you will have only quads.

启用此选项可以创建四边形。没有帽表面点将被修改。尽管如此，还是会产生一些三角形，所以你不能假设你只有四边形。

Break Phong Rounding

打破 Phong 舍入

If this option is enabled, phong break edges (see also Phong Break Selection) can be assigned at the Start and End surfaces. The transitions from shell/caps surfaces to the bevel surfaces are then somewhat more accentuated.

如果启用此选项，可以在开始和结束表面分配 Phong Break 边缘(参见 Phong Break Selection)。从外壳/帽子表面到斜面的过渡就更加突出了。