Trackers

追踪器

Motion Tracker

运动跟踪器

An Object Tracker needs a corresponding Motion Tracker (otherwise all settings will be grayed out). The link to the Motion Tracker is displayed in this field. If only one Motion Tracker is present in the scene when an Object Tracker is created, this link will be created automatically. Otherwise the currently selected Motion Tracker object will be linked. Normally, this field will be filled out automatically either way (unless you experiment with several Motion Tracker objects at once and want to determine yourself which one is linked).

目标跟踪器需要一个相应的运动跟踪器(否则所有设置将变成灰色)。链接到运动跟踪器显示在这个字段。如果只有一个运动跟踪是在场景中，当一个目标跟踪是创建，这个链接将被自动创建。否则，当前选定的运动跟踪对象将被链接。通常情况下，这个字段会自动填充(除非你同时试验多个运动跟踪器对象，并且想确定哪个是链接的)。

Geometry Object

几何对象

There are two ways to solve a 3D object:

解决3D 对象有两种方法:

Geometry-assisted Solve

几何辅助求解

With this method, a 3D object is modeled (referred to as ,reference object’ in the following) that will follow an object in the live footage as precisely as possible. This object should be well marked with 2D tracks to make it easier to track. This can - but doesn’t have to be - the same object that will be replaced by the 3D object in the footage (it should, however, be closely related). Assuming you want to replace a person’s thumb with a robot thumb. You can track the thumb, which would be difficult because it has very few visual characteristics that are easy to track. Instead, you can use a checkered pattern (in the real world you would use a special tracking glove in the live footage) attached to the thumb that moves as the thumb does.

使用这种方法，一个3D 对象被建模(在下面被称为，引用对象’) ，它将尽可能精确地跟随活动镜头中的一个对象。这个物体应该用2 d 轨迹做好标记，使其更容易跟踪。这可以——但不一定是——同一个物体，它将被画面中的3D 物体所取代(然而，它应该是密切相关的)。假设你想用一个机器人的拇指代替一个人的拇指。你可以追踪拇指，这将是困难的，因为它有很少的视觉特征，很容易跟踪。相反，你可以使用一个格子图案(在现实世界中，你会使用一个特殊的跟踪手套在现场录像)连接到拇指移动的拇指。

A plane was created (make a note of the frame; later the reference object must be made a Child object of the Object Tracker at this frame if you want it to move with it) as a reference object and positioned to lie over the checkerboard pattern. The reference object has the same size as in the live footage (in this example 14 cm x 14 cm, for example).

一个平面被创建为一个参考对象(记录下这个框架; 如果你想让它随着这个框架一起移动，那么稍后这个参考对象必须成为这个框架的物体跟踪器的子对象) ，并且定位在棋盘图案上。引用对象的大小与实时镜头中的相同(例如，在这个例子中是14厘米 x14厘米)。

This layer is then placed into the Object Tracker’s Geometry Object field (Tracker tab). The following must be true for the geometry object:

这一层然后被放置到对象跟踪的几何对象字段(跟踪器标签)。对于几何对象，下面必须是正确的:

• It must cover all object Tracks, if possible 如果可能的话，它必须覆盖所有的目标轨迹
• The object should be modeled and positioned as precisely as possible in the region of the object Tracks (to fit the shape of the object in the live footage). This is easy to do in the example above because a simple plane can be used. However, if an actor’s face has to be tracked, e.g., to replace it with a mask, the reference object should reflect the actor’s face as precisely as possible, preferrably using exact facial measurements. 物体应该在物体轨道的区域内尽可能精确地建模和定位(以适应实时镜头中物体的形状)。这在上面的例子中很容易做到，因为可以使用一个简单的平面。然而，如果一个演员的脸必须被追踪，例如，用面具代替它，参考物体应该尽可能精确地反映演员的脸，最好使用精确的面部测量

Note that a focal length must be defined for the Motion Tracker object (Reconstruction tab) when using this method.

注意，当使用此方法时，必须为运动跟踪器对象(重建选项卡)定义一个焦距。

The following happens when you click on the Run 3D Solver for Object button:

当你点击 Run 3D Solver for Object 按钮时会发生以下情况:

1. Rays will be emitted, at the time in the footage as specified above, into the scene from the camera’s angle of view and the points of intersection will be calculated with the reference object. 射线将被发射，在时间在胶片上面指定，从相机的视角进入现场，交叉点将计算与参考对象
   
2. These points of intersection can be used to assign 3D positions to 2D Tracks in the object space. 这些交点可以用来指定三维位置的2D 轨道的对象空间
   
3. Position and rotation of the reference object in relation to the camera can be calculated for other segments in the footage using a combination of 2D Tracks and known 3D positions. 参考物体相对于摄像机的位置和旋转，可以通过使用二维轨迹和已知的三维位置的组合来计算其他片段的连续镜头
   
4. Keyframes will be created for the Object Tracker to give the object the correct movement in relation to the camera (which themselves may already be animated via a previous camera solve). If the solve was successful, the matching 3D object must be made a Child object of the Object Tracker so it moves correctly over the entire length of the live footage. This is the best way to see if the 3D object solve was successful and if the quality is high enough. 关键帧将被创建的对象跟踪给予对象相对于相机的正确运动(这本身可能已经通过以前的相机解决动画)。如果解决是成功的，匹配的3D 对象必须成为一个子对象的对象跟踪，使其正确地移动在整个活动的镜头长度。这是检验3D 对象解决是否成功以及质量是否足够高的最好方法
   

The geometry-assisted solve requires fewer Tracks than without geometry. Many times, objects tracked in the live footage are very small and only few Tracks are needed. The absolute minimum number of Tracks for this method is 3 for each point in time (if you have 3 good Tracks (that must also lie on the geometry object from the angle of view of the camera), a simple plane can suffice as a reference object to create a 3D solve). More Tracks - in adequate quality - will, however, lead to more precise results.

几何辅助解决需要更少的轨道比没有几何。很多时候，现场录像中跟踪的物体非常小，只需要很少的轨道。这种方法的绝对最小轨迹数是每个时间点3个(如果你有3个好轨迹(这也必须躺在几何物体从相机的视角) ，一个简单的平面可以作为一个参考物体创建一个3D 解决)。更多的轨道-在足够的质量-将导致更精确的结果，然而。

By using a polygon object as a reference object, the scene will also be calibrated, i.e., you will not require a Motion Tracker Constraint tag (which is not required in conjunction with the aforementioned method), contrary to the geometry-free method described below.

通过使用一个多边形对象作为参考对象，场景也将得到校正，即，你将不需要一个运动跟踪器约束标签(与上述方法无关) ，与下面描述的无几何方法相反。

Geometry-free Solve

无几何解法

Geometry-free solves (the Geometry Object field remains empty) creates a group of points for the Tracks (absolute minimum is 7 Object Tracks; the more Tracks with adequate quality, the better) that will initially lie in space with no defined scale or distance from the camera; this is similar to Camera Tracking as long as its solve has not yet been ,calibrated’ by a Motion Tracker Constraint tag.

无几何体解决(几何体对象领域仍然空)创建一组点的轨道(绝对最小是7个目标轨道; 越多的轨道具有足够的质量，越好) ，最初将在空间中没有定义的比例或距离从相机; 这类似于相机跟踪，只要尚未解决，校准’的运动跟踪约束标签。

This only means that the undefined group of points (which is first of all independent of any camera solve) must first be ,calibrated’ using the Motion Tracker Constraint tag. The axes and positions that you define here refer to the Object Tracker’s coordinate system (contrary to camera solving which only uses the world coordinate system)! This means that when you create a polygon object to match the movement and make it a Child object of the Object Tracker, its position and rotation will be set to 0 so it is set to the Object Tracker’s origin from where it will move along correctly.

这只意味着未定义的一组点(首先是独立于任何摄像机解决)必须首先是，校准’使用运动跟踪约束标签。你在这里定义的坐标轴和位置指的是物体跟踪器的坐标系轴(相反，相机解决只使用世界坐标系轴) ！这意味着，当你创建一个多边形对象来匹配运动，并使其成为物体跟踪器的子对象，其位置和旋转将被设置为0，因此它将被设置为物体跟踪器的原点，它将在哪里正确地移动。

Assigned Tracks

指定轨道

All Tracks (Auto and User Tracks) from the tracked object are displayed in this list. This lets the Motion Tracker object recognize which Tracks should be used for camera tracking: all, except for those shown in the list.

跟踪对象的所有轨道(自动和用户轨道)都显示在此列表中。这使得运动跟踪器对象可以识别哪些轨道应该用于相机跟踪: 除了列表中显示的轨道以外的所有轨道。

The selections made here correspond with the selections in the Viewport.

这里所做的选择与 Viewport 中的选择相对应。

The description of the list can be foune here in the Object Tracker object. The functionality is exactly the same.

列表的描述可以在物体跟踪器对象中找到，功能完全相同。

Virtual Keyframes

虚拟关键帧

This option enables or disables virtual keyframes for selected Tracks.

此选项启用或禁用所选曲目的虚拟关键帧。

Normally, a User Track is created by creating a key and tracking it. This tracking uses the key saved to the pixel pattern, which, of course, changes over the course of the video as it moves farther from the frame. If the change is too great, the tracking will fail and you have to make adjustments manually. Virtual keyframes help with tracking by automatically adding new keys to the tracked section according to the settings below (contrary to manually-created keyframes - which are permanent - these virtual keyframes are dependent on the virtual keyframe settings, among other things, and can therefore change).

通常，用户跟踪是通过创建一个键并跟踪它来创建的。这个跟踪使用保存到像素模式的键，当然，这个模式会随着视频移动到离帧更远的地方而改变。如果变化太大，跟踪会失败，你必须手动进行调整。虚拟关键帧帮助跟踪，根据下面的设置自动向跟踪部分添加新的密钥(与手动创建的永久关键帧相反，这些虚拟关键帧依赖于虚拟关键帧设置等，因此可以改变)。

This will produce better tracking in most cases since changing pixel patterns can be compensated for by the virtual keyframes. However, it can happen that the virutual keyframes can shift from their original, manually defined footage position. If this happens, keys can be added manually.

这将产生更好的跟踪在大多数情况下，因为变化的像素模式可以补偿的虚拟关键帧。但是，虚拟关键帧可能会从原始的、手动定义的镜头位置移动。如果发生这种情况，可以手动添加密钥。

Virtual keyframes are colored light blue in the Motion Tracker graph.

虚拟关键帧在运动跟踪器图中是浅蓝色。

Mode

模式

Here you can define the rules according to which virtual keyframes should be created. The following options are available:

这里你可以定义创建虚拟关键帧的规则:

• Frame Spacing 帧间距: this creates virtual keyframes at regular intrvals. : 在常规内含区创建虚拟关键帧
• Overwrite Error Threshold 覆盖错误阈值: a virtual keyframe will be created after the : 虚拟关键帧将在Error Threshold 错误阈值 is exceeded (the Motion Tracker graph’s 超过(运动跟踪器图形的2D Tracking Errors 2 d 跟踪错误 mode will assist in the normal value range). 模式将协助在正常的价值范围)
• Preemptive Error Threshold 抢占式错误阈值: a virtual keyframe will be created before the : 虚拟关键帧将在Error Threshold 错误阈值 is exceeded. This is the more precise method compared to the previous method and offers the best quality. 超出。这是比以前的方法更精确的方法，并提供了最好的质量
• Multi 多: this will be displayed if multiple tracks with different virtual keyframe settings have been selected. : 这将显示如果多个轨道与不同的虚拟关键帧设置已被选中

Error Threshold[-∞..+∞]

误差阈值[-∞ . . + ∞]

Internally, the difference to the previous key (corresponding to the Tracking direction) will be ascertained for each Track at each frame. If this difference is greater than the threshold value defined here, a virtual keyframe will be created. The smaller the value, the less modification that will be allowed compared to the previous frame and the more virtual keyframes will be created and vice-versa.

在内部，对于每个帧的每个轨道，将确定与前一个键(对应跟踪方向)的差异。如果这个差异大于此处定义的阈值，则将创建一个虚拟关键帧。值越小，与前一个帧相比允许的修改就越少，创建的虚拟关键帧就越多，反之亦然。

Frame Interval[-2147483648..2147483647]

帧间隔[-2147483648. . 2147483647]

Use this setting to define the temporal interval in which virtual keyframes should be created.

使用此设置定义应在其中创建虚拟关键帧的时间间隔。

Color Filter
Filter.Red[-200..200%]
Filter.Green[-200..200%]
Filter.Blue[-200..200%]

滤色片。红色[-200. . 200% ]滤色片。绿色[-200. . 200% ]滤色片。蓝色[-200. . 200% ]

This setting can be used to change the color weighting of selected Tracks. A new Tracking will be created immediately. Details about color weighting can be found under Preferences: Weighting Red/Green/Blue.

此设置可用于更改选定轨道的颜色权重。一个新的跟踪将立即创建。有关颜色加权的详细信息可以在“加权红/绿/蓝”下找到。

In the Color Filter selection menu you can select from the following options:

在“颜色滤镜”选择菜单中，您可以从以下选项中选择:

• Luminance 亮度: The luminance from pre-R19 versions of Cinema 4D : 前 r19版本的4D 电影的亮度
• Red/Green/Blue 红/绿/蓝: Use this option to emphasize a specific color channel : 使用这个选项来强调一个特定的颜色通道
• Red/Green/Blue Expanded 红/绿/蓝展开: These settings take the : 这些设置采用Red/Green/Blue 红/绿/蓝 a step further and set the color channels to negative values, e.g., so red can create an even higher contrast in front of a white background (see also 再进一步，将颜色通道设置为负值，例如，红色可以在白色背景前创建更高的对比度Preferences: Weighting Red/Green/Blue 偏好: 加权红/绿/蓝). Colored markers will be enhanced in front of a background that contains a high amount of the marker color. ).彩色标记将在包含大量标记颜色的背景前面得到增强
• Default 违约: Sets the values in the : 设置Options 选择 menu to the defined color weighting. 菜单到定义的颜色权重
• Use as Default 作为默认值使用: Sets the currently defined colors as default color weights ( : 将当前定义的颜色设置为默认颜色权重(Options 选择 menu). Can be called up for the current footage after the first User Track has been created in order to make an optimized color filter available for additional User Tracks. 菜单)。可以调用为当前的镜头后，第一个用户轨道已经创建，以使一个优化的颜色过滤器可用于其他用户轨道
• Custom 习俗: Is available if you use custom values and sets corresponding color weights for the individual color filters (they can be opened by clicking on the small arrow next to 如果您使用自定义值并为单个颜色过滤器设置相应的颜色权重，则可以使用Color Filter 彩色滤镜).

Assign Selected

分配选定的

If Tracks are selected in the Viewport, they can be added to the list using this command. This can also be done per RMB: Assign to Object.

如果轨道在视口中被选中，那么可以使用这个命令将它们添加到列表中。这也可以做每人民币: 分配对象。

Unassign Selected

未分配选定

Removes selected Tracks for the Object Tracker’s list. They will then be assigned to the Motion Tracker.

移除对象跟踪器列表中选定的轨道。然后将它们分配给运动跟踪器。