Common

常见问题

Color gradients or grayscale gradients? Surely you have reached (or will reach) a point when working with PyroCluster where you think you have completely lost control of what is happening. But don’t panic! In the beginning it’s easy to get the impression that PyroCluster can be overwhelming. The following, though, will help you learn how to master PyroCluster.

颜色渐变还是灰度渐变？当然，在使用 PyroCluster 时，您已经达到(或将要达到)一个点，您认为您已经完全失去了对正在发生的事情的控制。但是不要惊慌！一开始我们很容易得到这样的印象: PyroCluster 可以是势不可挡的。不过，下面的内容将帮助您学习如何掌握 PyroCluster。

It’s difficult to imagine how gradients can have an effect on PyroCluster results. Is this complicated?

很难想象梯度如何影响 PyroCluster 的结果，这很复杂吗？

No, not at all! All you need is to gain a little experience with PyroCluster. Since so many settings can be combined in so many combinations, the possibilities PyroCluster offers are almost endless. It helps to know what your effect should look like and to reduce the effect to the components of color and time in theend.

不，一点也不！你所需要的就是获得一点 PyroCluster 的经验。由于如此多的设置可以组合成如此多的组合，PyroCluster 提供的可能性几乎是无穷无尽的。它有助于知道你的效果应该是什么样子，并减少影响的组成部分的颜色和时间最终。

Take a flamethrower effect; what does a real one look like? Close to the flamethrower nozzle the flame is a hot, transparent white and blue, while the further away the flame is from the nozzle, the darker, redder and more opaque it becomes.

以喷火器效果为例，真正的喷火器是什么样子的？靠近喷火器喷嘴处的火焰是热的、透明的白色和蓝色，而距离喷嘴越远，火焰就越暗、越红、越不透明。

Each flamethrower particle flying away from the emitter (i.e. the nozzle), has an age — it was born at some time, it will die at some time. So we will use the Age page to define the colors of the flame over time. This flamethrower effect can be defined using gradients. Set the white-blue effect at the left of the age radius gradient and the yellow-red at the right of the gradient. This will ensure that each volumetric particle will change color accordingly before it dies. The left end of the gradient represents the particle birth and the right the particle death. The transparency at the beginning of the particles’ lives is created using an alpha channel that is located within the particles’ lifespan. And that’s all you need to know to be able to create this effect.

每一个从发射器(即喷嘴)飞出的喷火粒子都有一个年龄ーー它在某个时间出生，在某个时间死亡。因此，我们将使用年龄页面来定义随着时间的推移火焰的颜色。这种喷火器效果可以用梯度来定义。在年龄半径梯度的左边设置白蓝效果，在梯度的右边设置黄红效果。这将确保每个体积颗粒在死亡之前会相应地改变颜色。梯度的左端代表粒子的出生，右端代表粒子的死亡。粒子生命初期的透明度是通过位于粒子生命周期内的阿尔法通道创造的。这就是你所需要知道的，能够创造这种效果。

PyroCluster effects are based on the Cinema 4D particle system as well as on Thinking Particles. A particle system carries with it its own settings for lifespan, size, rotation, etc. PyroCluster uses these settings. The only setting that can be disregarded in association with PyroCluster is size. PyroCluster uses particle position information but not size information. The size of volumetric particles is defined by PyroCluster itself. The size of a puff can be edited on the Shape page. The radius can be scaled over the course of the particle’s lifespan using the age radius gradient. No additional objects, such as spheres, etc., are required to create a PyroCluster effect. On the contrary, you want to avoid adding objects to any particle emitter.

PyroCluster 效果是基于 Cinema 4D 粒子系统以及 Thinking Particles。粒子系统有自己的寿命、大小、旋转等设置。PyroCluster 使用这些设置。与 PyroCluster 相关的唯一可以忽略的设置是大小。PyroCluster 使用粒子位置信息而不是大小信息。体积颗粒的大小由 PyroCluster 本身决定。粉扑的大小可以在“形状”页面上编辑。半径可以用年龄半径梯度在粒子生命周期中进行缩放。创建 PyroCluster 效果不需要额外的对象，比如球体等。相反，您希望避免向任何粒子发射器添加对象。

Controlling particle size is easy. What about particle color?

控制颗粒大小很容易，那么颗粒的颜色呢？

Don’t let the gradients in PyroCluster confuse you. One gradient (on the global page) controls the particles’ color. The other gradient (on the age page) controls the particles’ color change over the life of the particles’. This means that the color will be taken from a particular time within the lifespan and mixed with the global color. The following is a list of how the final color is calculated based on the gradients:

不要让 PyroCluster 中的梯度迷惑了你。一个渐变(在全局页面上)控制粒子的颜色。另一个渐变(在年龄页面上)控制粒子在生命周期中的颜色变化。这意味着颜色将从生命周期内的特定时间采取，并与全局颜色混合。以下是基于渐变计算最终颜色的方法:

1. The particle is generated. The color is defined by its age. 生成粒子。颜色由粒子的年龄决定
   
2. The global gradient on the 全局梯度global 全球的 page defines the particle color from the inside to the outside. 页面从内到外定义粒子颜色
   
3. The color on the 上面的颜色age 年龄 page is added to the global color. The 页面添加到全局颜色lifespan 寿命 color gradient represents the coloring over the entire particle lifespan. 颜色渐变表示整个粒子生命周期的着色
   
4. The mixing of global color and 全局颜色和age 年龄 color is controlled by the 颜色是由color mix 混色料 gradient. 梯度

Take a look at the example below to better understand how colors are mixed.

看看下面的例子，可以更好地理解颜色是如何混合的。

An example of the Color gradient on the Age page.

Age 页面上的 Color 渐变示例。

In the example above, the newly-born particle is colored yellow at frame 0, then between frames 0 and 50 it gradually becomes red; finally, at frame 100, the particle dies with a blue color. This example assumes a changing Age Color with no global color mixed in. The color gradient you set on the Globals page of the PyroCluster shader acts as a base color that can be mixed with the Age Color.

在上面的例子中，新生的粒子在第0帧被染成黄色，然后在第0帧和第50帧之间它逐渐变成红色; 最后，在第100帧，该粒子以蓝色死亡。这个例子假设一个不断变化的年龄颜色没有全局颜色混合在。您在 PyroCluster 着色器的 Globals 页面上设置的颜色渐变作为一个基本颜色，可以与年龄颜色混合。

The mixture between the Globals Color and the color calculated as the particle ages is controlled by the Color Mix gradient on the Age page. A plain white in the Color Mix gradient will not mix and of the global color at that particular position on the gradient (i.e. at that age of the puff or particle). Increasing shades of gray will mix in more of the Globals Color. You can easily use the Mix gradient to make clouds flicker or pulse like burning oil.

全球颜色和按粒子年龄计算的颜色之间的混合由 Age 页面上的 Color Mix 渐变控制。混色渐变中的纯白色不会与渐变中特定位置(即粉扑或粒子的年龄)的全局颜色混合。增加灰色的阴影将混合更多的全球颜色。您可以轻松地使用混合渐变，使云闪烁或脉冲像燃烧的油。

Here is an example of using the color mix feature. First, let’s assume that you have defined a gradient for Color on the Globals page, as shown below. So each puff consists of a yellow core, turning through red to blue at its edge.

下面是一个使用颜色混合特性的例子。首先，假设您已经在 Globals 页面上定义了 Color 的渐变，如下所示。所以每个泡沫都由一个黄色的核心组成，在边缘从红色变成蓝色。

The gradient controls the base color of the particle cloud.

渐变控制粒子云的基本颜色。

You have then created a gradient for Color on the Age page that looks like the gradient in the second picture below: red at the particle’s birth, turning green as the particle dies.

然后在 Age 页面上为 Color 创建一个渐变，看起来像下面第二张图片中的渐变: 粒子出生时为红色，粒子死亡时为绿色。

The following results would be rendered for a Color Mix gradient that started at white, turned gray in the middle and ended at black. Red is mixed in at birth, turning the whole particle red. As the particle ages, dark yellow is mixed in, allowing the yellow core to show through. Then darker colors predominate as the particle dies. The particle is also becoming more transparent as it dies out because of the Alpha set on the Age page.

下面的结果将渲染为一个颜色混合渐变，开始在白色，变成灰色在中间，并结束在黑色。红色在出生时就混合在一起，使整个粒子变成红色。随着粒子的年龄增长，混合着暗黄色，使得黄色的核心显现出来。然后随着粒子的死亡，深色占主导地位。粒子也变得越来越透明，因为它死了，因为阿尔法设置在年龄页面。

The Color gradient on the Globals page, set up to give each particle a yellow core, spreading out to red and then blue at its edges; the gradient has three knots (yellow, red, blue from left to right). No Age effect has yet been added.

Globals 页面上的 Color 渐变，设置为给每个粒子一个黄色的核心，在边缘向红色和蓝色展开; 渐变有三个节(黄色、红色、蓝色从左到右)。没有增加年龄效果。